Navigating the complexities of international shipping to the United States has become more challenging due to recent changes in de minimis exemptions and U.S. tariffs. To ensure your goods reach their destination without being held by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), it is essential to understand the latest documentation standards.
Below is a comprehensive guide to the essential requirements for importing into the U.S.
Key Reasons for Customs Holds and Shipping Delays
Most shipping delays are preventable. The CBP frequently flags shipments for the following clerical or procedural errors:
- Missing Commercial Invoice: Every shipment must include a commercial invoice sent electronically to your customs broker.
- Invalid Descriptions: General terms like “gift” or “parts” are not accepted. You must provide a clear, precise description of every item.
- Missing Contact Information: Both the sender’s and recipient’s full details—including email and phone number—are mandatory.
- Unpaid Duties and Taxes: Packages may be held until all relevant import tariffs are settled.
Essential Data for a Complete Commercial Invoice
A commercial invoice is more than just a receipt; it is a legal declaration. To avoid “Incomplete Invoice” rejections, ensure you include:
- Country of Origin: The specific country where each item was produced.
- Country of Manufacture: Especially critical for regulated goods like cosmetics.
- 10-Digit HTSUS Code: The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States code for accurate classification.
- Quantity and Value: Precise breakdown of every unit and its monetary worth.
- Tax ID (For Formal Entries): The importer’s EIN (Employer Identification Number) or SSN (Social Security Number).
Special Requirements for Metals (Section 232)
If you are shipping products containing Steel, Aluminum, or Copper, specific disclosures are required under Section 232 regulations:
Steel and Derivatives
Must include the country of melt and pour, the total value of the steel content, and the weight.
Aluminum and Derivatives
Requires the country of the most recent cast, the primary and secondary smelting countries, as well as the value and weight of the content.
Copper and Derivatives
Must clearly state the value and weight of the copper content included in the product or its packaging.
Navigating FDA-Regulated Shipments
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees the entry of food, cosmetics, and medical devices. Failure to comply with FDA standards can lead to the abandonment or destruction of your shipment.
General FDA Compliance Checklist
- Verify if your product falls under FDA jurisdiction.
- Submit a Prior Notice (PN) before the shipment arrives at the border.
- Ensure all labeling and documentation are strictly in English.
Specific Requirements by Category
1. Food Products (HTS Chapters 7–23 & 25)
All human or animal food must have a Prior Notice System Interface (PNSI) number. It is highly recommended to attach the PNSI document to the shipment or include the number in the invoice comments. You must also provide the full name and address of each manufacturer.
2. Cosmetics (HTS Chapters 33, 3401, 9616)
In addition to English labeling and manufacturer details, branded products shipped by third parties must include a Letter of Authorization from the trademark holder.
3. Medical Devices (HTS Chapter 90)
Medical device imports are highly scrutinized and require:
- FDA Registration Numbers for both the manufacturer and the exporter.
- Medical Device Listing Number and Product Code.
- PMN (510k) number, if applicable.
- A stated Intended Use by the importer.
- For Eyewear: Sunglasses or lenses require an Impact Resistance (Drop Ball) Certificate.
Disclaimer: This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal or professional advice. Import regulations are subject to change. We recommend consulting with a customs professional to ensure compliance with your specific shipping needs.
